Toshi Sasaki Home page

[2019/07/04 by TS]

Access since 2019/07/04

IRAF related Manuals
IRAF_JapaneseManualForBeginners.pdf	An_Introductory_Users_Guide_to _IRAF_SPP_Programming.pdf	iraf_middleLevel.pdf
IRAF_script.pdf		stsdas.pdf
DAOPHOT_CrowdedFieldsPhotometry.pdf	daophot2.pdf	dao_refman.pdf
DS9_UserManual.pdf	DS9_ReferenceManual.pdf	Using_ds9.pdf
2012Nakajima_PyRaf_adc2012.pdf	20140311Nakajima_PyIRSF_Manual.pdf	Python_tutorial.pdf
FITS の手引き(Ver 7.0a)		Akitaya's manual on IRAF

KarasuSiteData.pdf

OmaSiteDataSummary.pdf

Ali_SiteDataSummary.pdf

=== Detailed Weather Data ===

Weather Mark: ○ Clear ① Fine ◎ Fair △ Cloudy ▲ Heavily Cloudy ■ Rainy - Unavailable

01_Karasu 2007/03 ー 2008/11 (==> jump to another page)
02_Oma 2008/11 ー 2009/11 (==> jump to another page)
03_Ali 2011/11 ー 2013/06 (==> jump to another page)

IRAF/Pyraf commands 詳細

# conda environments:

   base          /home/sasaki/miniconda2 
   iraf27     *  /home/sasaki/miniconda2/envs/iraf27
                 /home/sasaki/miniconda3 
                 /home/sasaki/miniconda3/envs/iraf27

$ setenv PYTHONSTARTUP "/home/rlw/python/pythonstartup.py"
/home/rlw/iraf/pyraf/pyraf.Database

IRAF Commands

	
  $ ls ~/miniconda2/envs/iraf27/ 
  drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki 20480  6月 23 11:02 bin 
  drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 compiler_compat
  drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki 20480  6月 23 11:02 conda-meta
  drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 doc
  drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:01 etc
  -rw-r--r--  1 sasaki sasaki  7072  6月 23 11:02 extern.pkg
  -rw-r--r--  1 sasaki sasaki  6965  6月 23 11:02 extern.pkg.ac_bak
  drwxr-xr-x 24 sasaki sasaki 12288  6月 23 11:00 include
  drwxr-xr-x 18 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 10:59 iraf 
	drwxr-xr-x  4 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:58 doc/ 
	drwxr-xr-x 14 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:58 math/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 20 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:58 noao/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 19 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:59 pkg/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 27 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:59 sys/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 27 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:59 unix/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:59 ur/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:59 util/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  4 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:59 vendor/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 10 sasaki sasaki   4096  6月 23 10:59 vo/ 

  drwxr-xr-x 29 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:02 iraf_extern
        drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 adccdrom/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  5 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 cfh12k/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 cirred/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 15 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 ctio/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 cutoutpkg/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 deitab/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  5 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 esowfi/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 finder/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 fitsutil/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 16 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 gemini/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  5 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 gmisc/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 11 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 guiapps/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:02 kepler/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  5 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 mem0/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  4 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 mscdb/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 mscred/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 10 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 mtools/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 12 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 nfextern/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 15 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 rvsao/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  5 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 sqiid/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  8 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 stecf/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  9 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 stsdas/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 tables/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  6 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 ucsclris/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 upsqiid/ 
        drwxr-xr-x  7 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 10:59 xdimsum/ 
        drwxr-xr-x 17 sasaki sasaki 4096  6月 23 11:00 xray/

  drwxr-xr-x 21 sasaki sasaki 36864  6月 23 11:01 lib 
  drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 10:58 lib32 
  drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 libexec 
  drwxr-xr-x 65 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 mkspecs 
  drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 phrasebooks 
  drwxr-xr-x 27 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 plugins 
  drwxr-xr-x 25 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 qml 
  drwxr-xr-x  2 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 resources 
  drwxr-xr-x 21 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:01 share 
  drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 10:59 ssl 
  drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki 12288  6月 23 11:00 translations 
  drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 11:00 var 
  drwxr-xr-x  3 sasaki sasaki  4096  6月 23 10:58 x86_64-conda_cos6-linux-gnu

  Modules: 
   os             pyraf           shutil          sys 
  makeIrafPar      : function makeIrafPar(init_value, datatype=None, name='', mode='h',
	  array_size=None, list_flag=0, min=None, max=None, enum=None, prompt='', strict=0, filename=None)
   EOF              : _EOFClass 
   INDEF            : _INDEFClass 
   division         : instance of class __future__._Feature 
   exit             : str, value = 'Use ".exit" to exit' 
   iraf             : instance of class pyraf.irafimport._irafModuleClass 
   logout           : str, value = 'Use ".exit" to exit' 
   no               : _Boolean 
   quit             : str, value = 'Use ".exit" to exit' 
   yes              : _Boolean

$ pyraf

   --> help images 
   clpackage.images:
       imcoords - Image coordinates package 
       imfilter - Image filtering package
          imfit - Image fitting package
         imgeom - Image geometric transformation package
        immatch - Image matching and combining package
         imutil - Image utilities package
             tv - Image display utilities package

   --> help list

	  LISTSPEC (Apr2008)                rvsao               LISTSPEC (Apr2008)

NAME
    listspec -- List wavelength and pixel value for spectrum image

USAGE
    listspec filelist

PARAMETERS
    input
        Image file template.

    specext = 0
        Spectrum extension number in multiextension FITS image
    ...

refer to http://www.stsci.edu/institute/software_hardware/pyraf/pyraf_faq
[ PyRAF FAQ [Last edited: 6 Jan 2017.]

--> epar [task]

--> setinstrument [task]

--> .exit

Cloud Mon Data の解析

IRAF CL Script

https://www.adc.nao.ac.jp/J/cc/public/koshu_shiryo/2010/IRAF2010-1/iraf2010-1_yoshida.pdf

　　　新規 CL script

	1. procedure宣言
        2.   明示パラメータ（スクリプト引数）宣言
        3.  （隠れパラメータ宣言）
        4.  （list directed parameters宣言）
        5. begin
        6.   スクリプトの中身
        7. end

　　　タスクの登録法
　　　　　ecl> task mytask = mytask.cl
　　　task登録のとき”$”は無し←パラメータ（明示and/or隠れ）がスクリプト中にあるから
　　　　　ecl> redefine mytask = mytask.cl

ホストの環境変数を参照する: osfn()

file 出力:
1) (初期化出力) sections(infile, option=“fullname”, > tmpfile)
2) (追記) print( param, >> outfiles )

scan ( p1, p2, ... ) : 標準入力から読み取って内部変数p1, p2, ... , に格納

fscan( pp, p1, p2, ... ) : 内部変数ppから読み取って別の内部変数, p1, p2, ... , に格納

IRAFコマンドの出力を内部変数に格納する
ecl> real x1, x2
ecl> imstat img/MT8191.fits field=“min,max” format-| scan( x1, x2 )

mktemp
mktemp : 一時使用ファイル（temporary file）を作るコマンド
・ファイル名を自動生成する
ecl> tmpfile= mktemp( “ppp.” ) : ppp.xxxx（xxxxは数字）というファイル名が自動生成されてtmpfileにアサインされる。

   ecl> string tmpfile
   ecl> tmpfile= mktemp( “ppp.”  )
   ecl> =tmpfile
   ecl> print(“hello”, > tmpfile)
   ecl> lsecl> del (tmpfile)
   ecl> imcopy(“img/MT8191.fits”, tmpfile)
   ecl> ls
   ecl> imdel(tmpfile)

list directed parameters(LDP) : テキストファイルの中身を、改行で区切られた文字列の順序リストとして格納してくれる
CLスクリプト中での宣言：必ずbeginの前で、struct *pppあるいはstring *ppp
テキストファイルをLDPに格納するやり方
ppp = file_name
CLスクリプト中でファイルの中身を順序読み出しするときは、必ずこれを使う

   ecl> struct *tlist
   ecl> tlist = “table1”
   ecl> while (fscan (tlist, s1) != EOF)
          {
	     print(s1)
          }

ワイルドカードとsectionsコマンド
IRAFでのワイルドカード
*、?などのふつうのUNIXワイルドカードと、＠付きファイルリスト
IRAFワイルドカードはsectionsコマンドで展開して標準出力に書き出す
sections( “*.fits”, option=“full”)
sections( “@list”, option=“root”)

# printit.clを実行してみよう
# ecl> task printit=printit.cl
# ecl> printit printit.cl

   procedure printit(file_name)
   string file_name
   struct *flist

   begin
     struct line
     flist= file_name
     while( fscan( flist, line ) != EOF )
     print(line)
   end

　 IRAF CL Script sample
　　　!xpaset(), !xpaget() で CL Script 内で xpaset/xpaget() が使えそう。

Modified display2.cl using xpaset(), as oiginal display cannot be shown the header correctly but image display is OK.

   procedure display2 (image)
   #     2019-09-06/TS
   # usage: ecl> task display2=display2.cl
   #        ecl> redefine display2=display2.cl
   #
   #        ecl> display2 /home/sasaki/IRAF/iraf/dev/image.fits
   #        ecl> display2 /home/sasaki/IRAF/iraf/dev/image.fits frame=2
   #        ecl> epar display2
   #

   char image = "dev$image2.fits"   {prompt="image to be displayed Z"}
   int  frame = 5          {prompt="frame to be written into"}
   char zoom  = "zoom to fit"       {prompt="zoom to fit, zoom 2"}
   # sring xxx
  
   begin
	string imagefile
	string frameno
	string szoom
	char   options
	
	task    $xpaset  = "$foreign"

	imagefile = image
	frameno = frame
	szoom = zoom
	
	if( access( imagefile ) != yes ) 
	{
	#   print " *** File is not available [", image, "]"  # imagefile is not expanded.
	   print( " *** File is not available [", imagefile , "]")
	      return
	      }
	      # if( access( image) == yes )
	      # if( access( image) == no ) 

        # Make sure the 'tv' package is loaded...
	if ( !defpac("tv") ) { error(2,"Please load package 'tv' first!") }

	# Check whether the image exists...
	#	unlearn chkimg
	#	chkimg (imagefile, "access", verbose=yes)
	#	if (!chkimg.ok) { return }

	# display image on monitor
        options = " -p ds9 frame frameno "//frameno    # <== // means "strings" concatenating
	xpaset(options)

   #    options= " -p -n ds9 fits "// imagefile
	options = " -p ds9 fits "//imagefile           # <== // means "strings" concatenating
	xpaset(options)

	options = " -p ds9 "//szoom                    # <== // means "strings" concatenating
	xpaset(options)

   end  # end of script

The IRAF Packages IRAF Version 2.10 (This list does not reflect any tasks added by the various patches to V2.10.)
ref) NOAO_IRAF_beginners_guide.pdf ... Appendix A (P.41) 　　　　　in Q:\1ToshiPrivate\Appli\8Astro\IRAF
clpackage.clpackage:
dataio	Data format conversion package (RFITS, etc.)
dbms	Database management package (not yet implemented)
images	General image processing package
language	The command language itself
lists	List processing package
local	The template local package
obsolete	Obsolete tasks
noao	The NOAO optical astronomy packages
plot	Plot package
proto	Prototype or interim tasks
softools	Software tools package
system	System utilties package
utilities	Miscellaneous utilities package
clpackage.dataio:
bintxt	Convert a binary file to an IRAF text file
mtexamine	Examine the structure of a magnetic tape
rcardimage	Convert a cardimage file into a text file
reblock	Copy a binary file, optionally reblocking
rfits	Convert a FITS image into an IRAF image
rtextimage	Convert text files to IRAF images
t2d	Fast tape to disk copy
txtbin	Convert an IRAF text file to a binary file
wcardimage	Convert text files to cardimage files
wfits	Convert an IRAF image into a FITS image
wtextimage	Convert an IRAF image to a text file
clpackage.images:
blkavg	Block average or sum a list of N-D images
blkrep	Block replicate a list of images
boxcar	Boxcar smooth a list of 1 or 2-D images
chpixtype	Change the pixel type of a list of images
convolve	Convolve a list of 1 or 2-D images with a rectangular filter
fit1d	Fit a function to image lines or columns
fmedian	Quantize and median filter a 2-D image or a list of images
fmode	Quantize and modal filter a 2-D image or list of images
gauss	Convolve a list of 1 or 2-D images with an elliptical Gaussian
geomap	Calculate a coordinate transformation
geotran	Geometrically transform a set of 2-D images
gradient	Convolve a list of 1 or 2-D images with a gradient operator
hedit	Header editor
hselect	Select a subset of images satisfying a boolean expression
imarith	Simple image arithmetic
imcombine	Combine images pixel-by-pixel using various algorithms
imcopy	Copy an image
imdebug	Image debugging package (currently undocumented)
imdelete	Delete a list of images
imdivide	Image division with zero checking and rescaling
imgets	Return the value of an image parameter as a string
imheader	Print an image header
imhistogram	Compute image histogram
imlintran	Linearly transform a list of 2-D images
imrename	Rename one or more images
imshift	Shift a list of 2-D images
imslice	Slice images into images of lower dimension
imstack	Stack images into a single image of higher dimension
imstatistics	Compute and print statistics for a list of images
imsum	Compute the sum, average, or median of a set of images
imsurfit	Fit a surface to a 2-D image
imtranspose	Transpose a 2-D image
laplace	Laplacian filter a list of 1 or 2-D images
lineclean	Replace deviant pixels in image lines
listpixels	Convert an image section into a list of pixels
magnify	Magnify a list of 1-D or 2-D images
median	Median filter a 2-D image or list of images
minmax	Compute the minimum and maximum pixel values in an image
mode	Modal filter a 2-D image or list of images
register	Register a set of images
rotate	Rotate and shift a list of 2-D images
sections	Expand an image template on the standard output
shiftlines	Shift image lines
tv	Image display load and control package
clpackage.images.tv:
display	Load an image or image section into the display
iis	IIS image display control package
imedit	Examine and edit pixels in images
imexamine	Examine images using image display, graphics, and text
tvmark	Mark objects on the image display
wcslab	Overlay a displayed image with a world coordinate grid
clpackage.images.tv.iis:
blink	Blink two frames
cv	Control image device, display "snapshot"
cvl	Load image display (newer version of ’display’)
erase	Erase an image frame
frame	Select the frame to be displayed
lumatch	Match the lookup tables of two frames
monochrome	Select monochrome enhancement
pseudocolor	Select pseudocolor enhancement
rgb	Select true color mode (red, green, and blue frames)
window	Adjust the contrast and dc offset of the current frame
zoom	Zoom in on the image (change magnification)
clpackage.language:
intro	A brief introduction to IRAF
Language components:
break *	Break out of a loop
case *	One setting of a switch
commands	A discussion of the syntax of IRAF commands
cursors	Graphics and image display cursors
declarations	Parameter/variable declarations
default *	The default clause of a switch
else *	Else clause of IF statement
for *	C-style for loop construct
if *	If statement
goto *	Goto statement
logging	Discussion of CL logging
next *	Start next iteration of a loop
parameters	Discussion of parameter attributes
procedure *	Start a procedure script
return *	Return from script with an optional value
switch *	Multiway branch construct
while *	While loop
Builtin Commands and Functions:
access	Test if a file exists
back	Return to the previous directory (after a chdir)
beep	Send a beep to the terminal
bye	Exit a task or package
cache	Cache parameter files, or print the current cache list
cd	Change directory
chdir	Change directory
cl	Execute commands from the standard input
clbye	A cl followed by a bye (used to save file descriptors)
clear	Clear the terminal screen
defpac	Test if a package is defined
defpar	Test if a parameter is defined
deftask	Test if a task is defined
dparam	Dump a pset as a series of task.param=value assignments
edit	Edit a text file
ehistory	Edit history file to re-execute commands
envget	Get the string value of an environment variable
eparam	Edit parameters of a task
error	Print error code and message and abort
flprcache	Flush the process cache
fprint *	Print a line into a parameter
fscan *	Scan a list
gflush	Flush any buffered graphics output
hidetask	Make a task invisible to the user
history	Display commands previously executed
jobs	Display status of background jobs
keep	Make recent set, task, etc. declarations permanent
kill	Kill a background job
logout	Log out of the CL
lparam	List the parameters of a task
mathfcns	Mathematical routines
mktemp	Make a temporary (unique) file name
osfn	Return the host system equivalent of an IRAF filename
package	Define a new package, or print the current package names
prcache	Show process cache, or lock a process into the cache
print	Format and print a line on the standard output
putlog	Put a message to the logfile
radix	Encode a number in the specified radix
redefine	Redefine a task
reset	Reset the value of an environment variable
scan *	Scan the standard input
service	Service a query from a background job
set	Set an environment variable
show	Show an environment variable
sleep	Hibernate for a specified time
strings	String manipulation routines
stty	Set/show terminal characteristics
task	Define a new task
time	Print the current time
unlearn	Restore the default parameters for a task or package
update	Update a task’s parameters (flush to disk)
wait	Wait for all background jobs to complete
clpackage.lists:
average	Compute the mean and standard deviation of a list
columns	Convert multicolumn file to separate files
lintran	Perform linear transformation of a list
rgcursor	Read the graphics cursor (makes a list)
rimcursor	Read the image display cursor (makes a list)
table	Format a list of words into a table
tokens	Break a file up into a stream of tokens
unique	Delete redundant elements from a list
words	Break a file up into a stream of words
clpackage.obsolete: 　　　　　The previous package and release is listed in parenthesis
imtitle	Change the title of an image (noao.proto V2.9)
mkhistogram	List or plot the histogram of a data stream (noao.proto V2.9)
oimcombine	Combine images (images.imcombine V2.9)
radplot	PLot the radial profile of an object (noao.proto V2.9)
clpackage.plot:
calcomp	Plot metacode on a Calcomp pen plotter
contour	Make a contour plot of an image
crtpict	Generate greyscale plots of IRAF images
gdevices	List available imaging or other graphics devices
gkidecode	Decode metacode on the standard output
gkidir	Directory listing of metacode file
gkiextract	Extract individual frames from metacode file
gkimosaic	Condense metacode frames to fit on one page
graph	Graph one or more image sections or lists
hafton	Generate half-tone plots of an image
imdkern	Image display device (IMD) graphics kernel
implot	Plot lines and columns of images using cursors
nsppkern	Plot metacode on a NSPP (NCAR) plotter device
pcol	Plot a column of an image
pcols	Plot the average of a range of image columns
phistogram	Plot or print the histogram of an image or list
pradprof	Plot or list the radial profile of a stellar object
prow	Plot a line (row) of an image
prows	Plot the average of a range of image lines
pvector	Plot an arbitrary vector in a 2D image
sgidecode	Decode an SGI format metacode file
sgikern	Simple graphics interface (SGI) graphics kernel
showcap	Show and decode graphcap entries
stdgraph	Plot metacode on the standard graphics device
stdplot	Plot metacode on the standard plotter device
surface	Make a surface plot of an image
velvect	Plot representation of a velocity field
clpackage.proto:
binfil	Create a binary file from an IRAF image
bscale	Linearly transform the intensities of a list of images
epix	Edit pixels in an image
fields	Extract specified fields from a list
fixpix	Fix bad pixels by linear interpolation from nearby pixels
hfix	Fix image headers with a user specified command
imalign	Register and shift a list of images
imcentroid	Compute relative shifts for a list of images
imcntr	Locate the center of a stellar image
imfunction	Apply a function to the image pixel values
imreplace	Replace pixels in a range by a constant
imscale	Scale an image to a specified (windowed) mean
interp	Interpolate for a value in a table of X,Y pairs
irafil	Create an IRAF image from a binary data file
joinlines	Join text files line by line
suntoiraf	Convert Sun rasters into IRAF images
wcsedit	Edit the image coordinate system
wcsreset	Reset the image coordinate system
clpackage.softools:
generic	Preprocess a generic source file
hdbexamine	Examine a help database
lroff	Lroff (line-roff) text formatter
mkhelpdb	Make (compile) a help database
mkmanpage	Make a manual page
mkpkg	Make or update an object library or package
mktags	Tag all procedure declarations in a set of files
mkttydata	Build cache for termcap/graphcap device entries
rmbin	Find/delete binary files in subdirectories
rmfiles	Find/delete files in subdirectories
rtar	Read a TAR format archive file
wtar	Write a TAR format archive file
xc	Compile and/or link a program
xyacc	Build an SPP language parser
clpackage.system:
allocate	Allocate a device, i.e., magtape drive mta, mtb, ...
concatenate	Concatenate a list of files
copy	Copy a file or files (use IMCOPY for imagefiles)
count	Count the number of lines, words, characters in a text file
deallocate	Deallocate a previously allocated device
delete	Delete a file or files (use IMDELETE to delete imagefiles)
devices	Print information on the locally available devices
devstatus	Print the status of a device (mta, mtb, ...)
directory	List the files in a directory
diskspace	Show how much diskspace is available
files	Expand a file template into a list of files
gripes	Send suggestions, complaints, etc. to the system
head	Print the first few lines of a text file
help	Print online documentation
lprint	Print a file on the line printer device
match	Print all lines in a file that match a pattern
mkdir	Create a new directory
mkscript	Make a command script
movefiles	Move files to a directory
netstatus	Print the status of the local network
news	Page through the system news file
page	Page through a file
pathnames	Expand a file template into a list of OS pathnames
phelp	Paged HELP: collects and pages the output of HELP
protect	Protect a file from deletion
references	Find all help database references for a given topic
rename	Rename a file
rewind	Rewind a device (magtape)
sort	Sort a text file
spy	Show processor status
tail	Print the last few lines of a file
tee	Tee the standard output into a file
type	Type a text file on the standard output
unprotect	Remove delete protection from a file
clpackage.utilities:
curfit	Fit data with Chebyshev, Legendre or spline curve
detab	Replace tabs with tabs and blanks
entab	Replace blanks with tabs and blanks
lcase	Convert a file to lower case
polyfit	Fit polynomial to list of X,Y data
split	Split a large file into smaller segments
translit	Replace or delete specified characters in a file
ucase	Convert a file to upper case
urand	Uniform random number generator
Note: Language package keywords are starred[*]. To get help on a keyword enclose it in quotes.

The NOAO Packages IRAF Version 2.10 (This list does not reflect any tasks added by the various patches to V2.10.)
ref) NOAO_IRAF_beginners_guide.pdf ... Appendix B (P.47) 　　　　　in Q:\1ToshiPrivate\Appli\8Astro\IRAF
clpackage.clpackage:
noao:
artdata	Artificial data generation package [up]
astrometry	Astrometry package
astutil	Astronomical utilities package [up]
digiphot	Digital stellar photometry package [up]
focas	Faint object classification and analysis package
imred	Image reductions package [up]
mtlocal	Magtape i/o for special NOAO format tapes [up]
nobsolete	Obsolete tasks to be phased out in a future release [up]
nproto	Prototype (temporary, contributed) tasks [up]
observatory	Examine and define observatory parameters [up]
onedspec	One dimensional spectral red & analysis package [up]
rv	Radial velocity analysis package [up]
surfphot	Galaxy isophotal analysis package
twodspec	Two dimensional spectral red & analysis package [up]
noao.artdata:
gallist	Make an artificial galaxies list
mk1dspec	Make/add artificial 1D spectra
mk2dspec	Make/add artificial 2D spectra using 1D spectra templates
mkechelle	Make artificial 1D and 2D echelle spectra
mkexamples	Make artificial data examples
mkheader	Append/replace header parameters
mknoise	Make/add noise and cosmic rays to 1D/2D images
mkobjects	Make/add artificial stars and galaxies to 2D images
mkpattern	Make/add patterns to images
starlist	Make an artificial star list
noao.astutil:
airmass	Compute the airmass at a given elevation above the horizon
asttimes	Compute UT, Julian day, epoch, and siderial time
ccdtime	Compute time required to observe star of given magnitude
galactic	Convert ra, dec to galactic coordinates
gratings	Compute and print grating parameters
pdm	Find periods in light curves by Phase Dispersion Minimization
precess	Precess a list of astronomical coordinates
rvcorrect	Compute radial velocity corrections
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
noao.digiphot:
apphot	Aperture Photometry Package
daophot	Dao Crowded-Field Photometry Package
photcal	Photometric Calibration Package
ptools	Photometry Tools Package
noao.digiphot.apphot:
aptest	Run basic tests on the apphot package tasks
center	Compute accurate centers for a list of objects
centerpars	Edit the centering parameters
daofind	Find stars in an image using the DAO algorithm
datapars	Edit the data dependent parameters
fitpsf	Model the stellar psf with an analytic function
fitsky	Compute sky values in a list of annular or circular regions
fitskypars	Edit the sky fitting parameters
phot	Measure magnitudes for a list of stars
photpars	Edit the photometry parameters
polymark	Create polygon lists for polyphot
polyphot	Measure magnitudes inside a list of polygonal regions
polypars	Edit the polyphot parameters
qphot	Measure quick magnitudes for a list of stars
radprof	Compute the stellar radial profile of a list of stars
wphot	Measure magnitudes for a list of stars with weighting
lintran	Linearly transform a coordinate list
pexamine	Interactively examine or edit an apphot output file
txdump	Dump select fields from an apphot output file
noao.digiphot.daophot:
addstar	Add artificial stars to an image using the computed psf
allstar	Group and fit psf to multiple stars simultaneously
centerpars	Edit the centering algorithm parameters
daofind	Find stars in an image using the DAO algorithm
daopars	Edit the daophot algorithms parameter set
daotest	Run basic tests on the daophot package tasks
datapars	Edit the data dependent parameters
fitskypars	Edit the sky fitting algorithm parameters
group	Group stars based on positional overlap and signal/noise
nstar	Fit the psf to groups of stars simultaneously
peak	Fit the psf to single stars
phot	Compute sky values and initial magnitudes for a list of stars
photpars	Edit the photometry parameters
psf	Fit the point spread function
seepsf	Compute an image of the point spread function
substar	Subtract the fitted stars from the original image
pappend	Concatenate a list of daophot databases
pconvert	Convert a text database to a tables database
pdump	Print selected fields from a list of daophot databases
grpselect	Select groups of a specified size from a daophot database
pexamine	Interactively examine and edit a daophot database
prenumber	Renumber stars in a daophot database
pselect	Select records from a daophot database
psort	Sort a daophot database
noao.digiphot.ptools:
istable	Is a file a table or text database file ?
pappend	Concatenate a list of apphot/daophot databases
pconvert	Convert from an apphot/daophot text to tables database
pdump	Print selected columns of a list of daophot/apphot databases
prenumber	Renumber a list of apphot/daophot databases
pexamine	Interactively examine and edit an apphot/daophot database
pselect	Select records from a list of apphot/daophot databases
psort	Sort a list of apphot/daophot databases
pttest	Run basic tests on the ptools package tasks
tbappend	Concatenate a list of apphot/daophot tables databases
tbdump	Print selected columns of a list of tables databases
tbrenumber	Renumber a list of apphot/daophot tables databases
tbselect	Select records from a list of apphot/daophot tables databases
tbsort	Sort a list of apphot/daophot tables databases
txappend	Concatenate a list of apphot/daophot text databases
txdump	Print selected columns of a list of apphot/daophot text databases
txrenumber	Renumber a list of apphot/daophot text databases
txselect	Select records from a list of apphot/daophot text databases
txsort	Sort a list of apphot/daophot text databases
noao.imred:
argus	CTIO ARGUS reduction package
bias	General bias subtraction tools
ccdred	Generic CCD reductions
ctioslit	CTIO spectrophotometric reduction package
dtoi	Density to Intensity reductions for photographic plates
echelle	Echelle spectra reductions (slit and FOE)
generic	Generic image reductions tools
hydra	KPNO HYDRA (and NESSIE) reduction package
iids	KPNO IIDS spectral reductions
irred	KPNO IR camera reductions
irs	KPNO IRS spectral reductions
kpnocoude	KPNO coude reduction package (slit and 3 fiber)
kpnoslit	KPNO low/moderate dispersion slits (Goldcam, RCspec, Whitecam)
specred	Generic slit and fiber spectral reduction package
vtel	Solar vacuum telescope image reductions
noao.imred.argus:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
bplot	Batch plots of spectra
continuum	Fit the continuum in spectra
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
identify	Identify features in spectrum for dispersion solution
msresp1d	Create 1D response spectra from flat field and sky spectra
refspectra	Assign wavelength reference spectra to other spectra
reidentify	Automatically identify features in spectra
sapertures	Set or change aperture header information
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra having different wavelength ranges
scopy	Select and copy apertures in different spectral formats
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
slist	List spectrum header parameters
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Preliminary spectral plot/analysis
doargus	Process ARGUS spectra
demos	Demonstrations and tests
noao.imred.bias:
colbias	Fit and subtract an average column bias
linebias	Fit and subtract an average line bias
noao.imred.ccdred:
badpiximage	Create a bad pixel mask image from a bad pixel file
ccdgroups	Group CCD images into image lists
ccdhedit	CCD image header editor
ccdinstrument	Review and edit instrument translation files
ccdlist	List CCD processing information
ccdproc	Process CCD images
ccdtest	CCD test and demonstration package
combine	Combine CCD images
cosmicrays	Detect and replace cosmic rays
darkcombine	Combine and process dark count images
flatcombine	Combine and process flat field images
mkfringecor	Make fringe correction images from sky images
mkillumcor	Make flat field illumination correction images
mkillumflat	Make illumination corrected flat fields
mkskycor	Make sky illumination correction images
mkskyflat	Make sky corrected flat field images
setinstrument	Set instrument parameters
zerocombine	Combine and process zero level images
ADDITIONAL HELP TOPICS
ccdgeometry	Discussion of CCD coordinate/geometry keywords
ccdtypes	Description of the CCD image types
flatfields	Discussion of CCD flat field calibrations
guide	Introductory guide to using the CCDRED package
instruments	Instrument specific data files
package	CCD image reduction package
subsets	Description of CCD subsets
noao.imred.ccdred.ccdtest:
artobs	Create an artfificial CCD observation
demo	Run a demonstration of the CCD reduction package
mkimage	Make or modify an image with simple values
subsection	Create an artificial subsection CCD observation
noao.imred.ctioslit:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
bplot	Batch plot of spectra with SPLOT
calibrate	Apply extinction and flux calibrations to spectra
continuum	Fit and normalize the continuum of multispec spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction corrections
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
identify	Identify arc lines and determine a dispersion function
refspectra	Assign reference spectra to object spectra
reidentify	Reidentify arc lines and determine new dispersion functions
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra
scopy	Copy spectra including aperture selection and format changes
sensfunc	Create sensitivity function
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
slist	List spectral header elements
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Plot and analysis spectra
standard	Identify standard stars to be used in sensitivity calc
doslit	Process CTIO slit spectra
demos	Demonstrations and tests
noao.imred.dtoi:
dematch	Match a list of density values to exposure values
hdfit	Fit a curve to density, log exposure values
hdshift	Align related HD curves
hdtoi	Apply DTOI transformation to density image
selftest	Self test program to check DTOI transformation
spotlist	Generate a list of calibration spot values
noao.imred.echelle:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters and apidtable
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
apfit	Fit 2D spectra and output the fit, difference, or ratio
apflatten	Remove overall spectral and profile shapes from flat fields
apmask	Create an IRAF pixel list mask of the apertures
apnormalize	Normalize 2D apertures by 1D functions
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apscatter	Fit and subtract scattered light
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
bplot	Batch plots of spectra
calibrate	Apply extinction and flux calibrations to spectra
continuum	Fit the continuum in spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction corrections
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
ecidentify	Identify features in spectrum for dispersion solution
ecreidentify	Automatically reidentify features in spectra
refspectra	Assign wavelength reference spectra to other spectra
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra
scopy	Select and copy apertures in different spectral formats
sensfunc	Compute sensitivity function
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
slist	List spectrum header parameters
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Preliminary spectral plot/analysis
standard	Identify standard stars to be used in sensitivity calc
doecslit	Process Echelle slit spectra
dofoe	Process Fiber Optic Echelle (FOE) spectra
demos	Demonstrations and tests
noao.imred.generic:
background	Fit and subtract a line or column background
cosmicrays	Detect and replace cosmic rays
darksub	Scale and subtract a dark count image
flat1d	Make flat field by fitting a 1D func. to the lines or columns
flatten	Flatten images using a flat field
normalize	Normalize images
normflat	Create a flat field by normalizing and replacing low values
noao.imred.hydra:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apscatter	Fit and remove scattered light
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
bplot	Batch plots of spectra
continuum	Fit the continuum in spectra
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
identify	Identify features in spectrum for dispersion solution
msresp1d	Create 1D response spectra from flat field and sky spectra
refspectra	Assign wavelength reference spectra to other spectra
reidentify	Automatically identify features in spectra
sapertures	Set or change aperture header information
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra having different wavelength ranges
scopy	Select and copy apertures in different spectral formats
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
slist	List spectrum header parameters
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Preliminary spectral plot/analysis
dohydra	Process HYDRA spectra
demos	Demonstrations and tests
noao.imred.iids:
addsets	Add subsets of strings of spectra
batchred	Batch processing of IIDS/IRS spectra
bplot	Batch plots of spectr
bswitch	Beam-switch strings of spectra to make obj-sky pairs
calibrate	Apply sensitivity correction to spectra
coefs	Extract mtn reduced ceofficients from henear scans
coincor	Correct spectra for detector count rates
continuum	Fit the continuum in spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction corrections
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
extinct	Use BSWITCH for extinction correction
flatdiv	Divide spectra by flat field
flatfit	Sum and normalize flat field spectra
identify	Identify features in spectrum for dispersion solution
lcalib	List calibration file data
mkspec	Generate an artificial spectrum
names	Generate a list of image names from a string
powercor	Apply power law correction to mountain reduced spectra
process	A task generated by BATCHRED
refspectra	Assign reference spectra to object spectra
reidentify	Automatically identify features in spectra
scombine	Combine spectra having different wavelength ranges
sensfunc	Create sensitivity function
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
sinterp	Interpolate a table of x,y pairs to create a spectrum
slist1d	List spectral header elements
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Preliminary spectral plot/analysis
standard	Identify standard stars to be used in sensitivity calc
subsets	Substract pairs in strings of spectra
sums	Generate sums of object and sky spectra by aperture
noao.imred.irred:
center	Compute accurate centers for a list of objects
centerpars	Edit the centering parameters
datapars	Edit the data dependent parameters
flatten	Flatten images using a flat field
iralign	Align the image produced by irmosaic
irmatch1d	Align and intensity match the image produced by irmosaic (1D)
irmatch2d	Align and intensity match the image produced by irmosaic (2D)
irmosaic	Mosaic an ordered list of images onto a grid
mosproc	Prepare images for quick look mosaicing
txdump	Select fields from the center task output text file
noao.imred.irs:
addsets	Add subsets of strings of spectra
batchred	Batch processing of IIDS/IRS spectra
bplot	Batch plots of spectra
bswitch	Beam-switch strings of spectra to make obj-sky pairs
calibrate	Apply sensitivity correction to spectra
coefs	Extract mtn reduced ceofficients from henear scans
continuum	Fit the continuum in spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction corrections
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
extinct	Use BSWITCH for extinction correction
flatdiv	Divide spectra by flat field
flatfit	Sum and normalize flat field spectra
identify	Identify features in spectrum for dispersion solution
lcalib	List calibration file data
mkspec	Generate an artificial spectrum
names	Generate a list of image names from a string
process	A task generated by BATCHRED
refspectra	Assign reference spectra to object spectra
reidentify	Automatically identify features in spectra
scombine	Combine spectra having different wavelength ranges
sensfunc	Create sensitivity function
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
sinterp	Interpolate a table of x,y pairs to create a spectrum
slist1d	List spectral header elements
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Preliminary spectral plot/analysis
standard	Identify standard stars to be used in sensitivity calc
subsets	Substract pairs in strings of spectra
sums	Generate sums of object and sky spectra by aperture
noao.imred.kpnocoude:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
bplot	Batch plot of spectra with SPLOT
calibrate	Apply extinction and flux calibrations to spectra
continuum	Fit and normalize the continuum of multispec spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction corrections
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
identify	Identify arc lines and determine a dispersion function
msresp1d	Create fiber response spectra from flat field and sky spectra
refspectra	Assign reference spectra to observations
reidentify	Reidentify arc lines and determine new dispersion functions
sapertures	Set or change aperture header information
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra
scopy	Copy spectra including aperture selection and format changes
sensfunc	Create sensitivity function
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
slist	List spectrum headers
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Plot and analyze spectra
standard	Identify standard stars to be used in sensitivity calc
do3fiber	Process KPNO coude three fiber spectra
doslit	Process KPNO coude slit spectra
demos	Demonstrations and tests
noao.imred.kpnoslit:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
bplot	Batch plot of spectra with SPLOT
calibrate	Apply extinction and flux calibrations to spectra
continuum	Fit and normalize the continuum of multispec spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction corrections
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
identify	Identify arc lines and determine a dispersion function
refspectra	Assign reference spectra to observations
reidentify	Reidentify arc lines and determine new dispersion functions
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra
scopy	Copy spectra including aperture selection and format changes
sensfunc	Create sensitivity function
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
slist	List spectrum headers
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Plot and analyze spectra
standard	Identify standard stars to be used in sensitivity calc
doslit	Process slit spectra
demos	Demonstrations and tests
noao.imred.specred:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters and apidtable
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
apfit	Fit 2D spectra and output the fit, difference, or ratio
apflatten	Remove overall spectral and profile shapes from flat fields
apmask	Create and IRAF pixel list mask of the apertures
apnormalize	Normalize 2D apertures by 1D functions
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apscatter	Fit and subtract scattered light
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
bplot	Batch plot of spectra with SPLOT
calibrate	Extinction and flux calibrate spectra
continuum	Fit the continuum in spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction correction
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Doppler correct spectra
fitprofs	Fit gaussian profiles
identify	Identify features in spectrum for dispersion solution
msresp1d	Create 1D response spectra from flat field and sky spectra
refspectra	Assign wavelength reference spectra to other spectra
reidentify	Automatically reidentify features in spectra
sapertures	Set or change aperture header information
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra
scopy	Select and copy apertures in different spectral formats
sensfunc	Compute instrumental sensitivity from standard stars
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
sfit	Fit spectra and output fit, ratio, or difference
skysub	Sky subtract extracted multispec spectra
slist	List spectrum header parameters
specplot	Scale, stack, and plot multiple spectra
splot	Preliminary spectral plot/analysis
standard	Tabuluate standard star counts and fluxes
dofibers	Process fiber spectra
doslit	Process slit spectra
noao.imred.vtel:
destreak	Destreak He 10830 grams.
destreak5	First pass processing CL script for 10830 grams.
dicoplot	Make dicomed plots of carrington maps.
fitslogr	Make a log of certain header parameters from a FITS tape.
getsqib	Extract the squibby brightness image from a full disk scan.
makehelium	Cl script for processing destreaked 10830 grams(second pass).
makeimages	Cl script for processing magnetograms into projected maps
merge	Merge daily grams into a Carrington map.
mrotlogr	Log some header parameters from a FITS rotation map tape.
mscan	Read all sector scans on a tape and put them into images.
pimtext	Put text directly into images using a pixel font.
putsqib	Merge a squibby brightness image into a full disk image.
quickfit	Fit an ellipse to the solar limb.
readvt	Read a full disk tape and produce an IRAF image.
rmap	Map a full disk image into a 180 by 180 flat image.
syndico	Make dicomed print of daily grams 18 cm across.
tcopy	Tape to tape copy routine.
trim	Set all pixels outside the limb to 0.0 (use sqib for limb).
unwrap	Remove effects of data wraparound on continuum scans.
vtblink	Blink daily grams on the IIS to check for registration.
vtexamine	Examine a vacuum telescope tape, print headers and profile.
writetape	Cl script to write 5 full disk grams to tape.
writevt	Write an IRAF image to tape in vacuum telescope format.
noao.mtlocal:
ldumpf	List the permanent files on a Cyber DUMPF tape
r2df	Convert a CTIO 2-d frutti image into an IRAF image
rcamera	Convert a CAMERA image into an IRAF image
rdumpf	Convert IPPS rasters from a DUMPF tape to IRAF images
ridsfile	Convert IDSFILES from a DUMPF tape to IRAF images
ridsmtn	Convert mountain format IDS/IRS data to IRAF images
ridsout	Convert a text file in IDSOUT format to IRAF images
rpds	Convert a PDS image into an IRAF image
rrcopy	Convert IPPS rasters from an RCOPY tape to IRAF images
widstape	Convert ONEDSPEC spectra to IDSOUT text format
noao.nproto:
binpairs	Bin pairs of (x,y) points in log separation
findgain	Estimate the gain and readnoise of a CCD
findthresh	Estimate a CCD’s sky noise from the gain and readnoise
iralign	Align the mosaiced image produced by irmosaic
irmatch1d	Align and intensity match image produced by irmosaic (1D)
irmatch2d	Align and intensity match image produced by irmosaic (2D)
irmosaic	Mosaic an ordered list of images onto a grid
linpol	Calculate polarization frames and Stoke’s parameters
slitpic	Generate IRAF image of aperture slit mask
noao.onedspec:
bplot	Batch plots of spectra
calibrate	Apply extinction and flux calibrations to spectra
continuum	Fit the continuum in spectra
deredden	Apply interstellar extinction correction
dispaxis	Dispersion axis parameters for 2D images
dispcor	Dispersion correct spectra
dopcor	Apply doppler corrections
fitprofs	Fit gaussian profiles
identify	Identify features in spectrum for dispersion solution
lcalib	List calibration file data
mkspec	Generate an artificial spectrum
names	Generate a list of image names from a string
ndprep	Make neutral density filter calibration image
refspectra	Assign wavelength reference spectra to other spectra
reidentify	Automatically identify features in spectra
sapertures	Set or change aperture header information
sarith	Spectrum arithmetic
scombine	Combine spectra having different wavelength ranges
scopy	Select and copy apertures in different spectral formats
sensfunc	Create sensitivity function
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
sfit	Fit spectra and output fit, ratio, or difference
sinterp	Interpolate a table of x,y pairs to create a spectrum
slist	List spectrum header parameters
specplot	Stack and plot multiple spectra
splot	Preliminary spectral plot/analysis
standard	Identify standard stars to be used in sensitivity calc
ADDITIONAL HELP TOPICS
package	Discussion and overview of package including sections on: spectral formats, dispersion coordinates, and units
noao.rv:
continpars	Edit continuum subtraction parameters
fltpars	Edit the flter function parameters
fxcor	Radial velocities via Fourier cross correlation
keywpars	Translate the image header keywords used in RV package
rvcorrect	Compute radial velocity corrections
noao.twodspec:
apextract	Aperture Extraction Package
longslit	Longslit Package
noao.twodspec.apextract:
apall	Extract 1D spectra (all parameters in one task)
apdefault	Set the default aperture parameters and apidtable
apdemos	Various tutorial demonstrations
apedit	Edit apertures interactively
apfind	Automatically find spectra and define apertures
apfit	Fit 2D spectra and output the fit, difference, or ratio
apflatten	Remove overall spectral and profle shapes from flat fields
apmask	Create and IRAF pixel list mask of the apertures
apnormalize	Normalize 2D apertures by 1D functions
aprecenter	Recenter apertures
apresize	Resize apertures
apscatter	Fit and subtract scattered light
apsum	Extract 1D spectra
aptrace	Trace positions of spectra
ADDITIONAL HELP TOPICS
apbackground	Background subtraction algorithms
approfles	Profle determination algorithms
apvariance	Extractions, variance weighting, cleaning, and noise model
package	Package parameters and general description of package
noao.twodspec.longslit:
background	Fit and subtract a line or column background
extinction	Apply atmospheric extinction corrections to images
fitcoords	Fit user coordinates to image coordinates
fluxcalib	Apply flux calibration to images
identify	Identify features
illumination	Determine illumination calibration
reidentify	Reidentify features
response	Determine response calibration
setairmass	Compute effective airmass and middle UT for an exposure
setjd	Compute and set Julian dates in images
transform	Transform longslit images to user coordinates
Many of the tasks in the NOAO packages are visible in several different packages. Although these are the same tasks and provide the same functionality, the default parameters are often set differently to account for different instruments or uses.

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